Mastofauna do Planalto das Araucárias, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

MARQUES, R.V.; CADEMARTORI, C.V.; PACHECO, S.M. 2011. Mastofauna do Planalto das Araucárias, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Biociências 9(3):278-288. 

Abstract. Mammals from Araucaria’s Plateau, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Wild small (including flying), medium and large mammals long term surveys were carried out in Protected areas in Araucarias Plateau in state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Studies were done in native pine forests (Araucaria angustifolia), Araucaria plantation, recuperation stage of native vegetation after deforestation and around urban areas. Study methods included the use of Tomahawk traps, pitffal traps, mist nets, camera traps, footprints, direct observations of animals and dead animals in roads. Sixty six species of native mammals and one exotic species (hare – Lepus europaeus) were detected. Araucaria’s Plateau is important for conservation of mammals because has natural environments that support endangered species.

Barn Owl pellets (Aves: Tyto furcata) reveal a higher mammalian richness in the Restinga de Jurubatiba National Park, Southeastern Brazil

LEMOS, H.M.; SILVA, C.A.O.; PATIU, F.M.; GONÇALVES, P.R. 2015. Barn Owl pellets (Aves: Tyto furcata) reveal a higher mammalian richness in the Restinga de Jurubatiba National Park, Southeastern Brazil. Biota Neotropica 15(2):1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-06032015012114

Abstract. The northern coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro harbors the largest coastal sandy plains (restingas) of southeastern Brazil, severely threatened due to recent human occupation. In this context, mammal inventories becomes urgent to support biodiversity conservation and management policies. This paper aims to update the knowledge on the mammalian species richness of Restinga de Jurubatiba National Park by analyzing pellets of the Barn owl Tyto furcata. The analyses of 4745 mammalian bone fragments (1739 individuals) revealed the occurrence of 17 species belonging to the orders Rodentia (9 spp.), Didelphimorphia (2 spp.) and Chiroptera (6 spp.). The rodents Mus musculus and Cerradomys goytaca accounted for 77.2% of the total individuals preyed, suggesting that the Barn owl hunts in both disturbed and natural open shrub formations. A compilation of previous records, together with those provided in the present study, indicates the occurrence of 44 species of mammals in the Restinga de Jurubatiba National Park, of which six (13.6%) were exclusively detected in pellets. These new records include species adapted to open formations of the interior of Brazil that were not previously reported in restingas on the basis of voucher-specimens, such as the rodents Necromys lasiurus and Calomys tener, the latter being recorded for the first time in the littoral of Rio de Janeiro state. This study underscores the importance of owl pellet analysis as a complementary and indispensable method for inventorying mammals. The results highlight the Restinga de Jurubatiba National Park as one of the restingas in Southeastern Brazil with the highest number of mammal species.

Occurrence and mortality of Lasiurus ega (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) in monocultures of Pinus sp. in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil

BARROS, M.A.S.; RUI, A.M. 2011. Occurrence and mortality of Lasiurus ega (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) in monocultures of Pinus sp. in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Chiroptera Neotropical 17(2):997-1002.

Abstract. Lasiurus ega is a widespread, insectivorous bat, occurring in several types of natural and altered habitats. Individuals are solitary and roost among tree branches and leaves. The present work records the use of Pinus individuals as diurnal roosts by L. ega in monocultures, and discusses the possible impact of such behavior on bat’s population. The study area is located in a rural property dominated by grassy vegetation, monocultures and invasions of Pinus spp. near the city of Palmares do Sul, in the northern Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Adults and offspring of L. ega were observed roosting in monocultures of Pinus trees. Some individuals do not leave their tree roosts during the cutting process, and are killed by crushing or by the workers themselves. Bat presence in felled trees is frequent, according to reports by the workers, and may involve different species. This paper represents the first record of the use of Pinus sp. as roost by a bat species in a region where Pinus has been introduced, and the first record of Pinus sp. occupation by L. ega. The monoculture management and removal of individuals of Pinus sp. induce L. ega mortality, including the loss of pregnant and lactating females, and offsprings. Considering the current scarcity of knowledge, it is recommended that Pinus sp. plantations do not be cut during spring and summer, in order to avoid the mortality of L. ega individuals during the critical reproductive period.

Encontro Internacional de Conservação de Morcegos

Em julho ocorrerá o ENCONTRO INTERNACIONAL DE CONSERVAÇÃO DE MORCEGOS de 26 a 29 de julho em Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, no Dall’Onder Grande Hotel.
O objetivo do evento é apresentar os temas que levam a maior preocupação na conservação de morcegos e discutir e buscar soluções que envolvam meio ambiente, expansão urbana, impactos, saúde pública e desmistificação.
A inscrição pode ser feita pela site batsusi.wix.com/pcmbrasil ou pelo e-mail isauver@gmail.com.

Bat inventory in a Caatinga area in Northeastern Brazil, with a new occurrence in the state of Paraíba

BELTRÃO, M.G.; ZEPPELINI, C.G.; FRACASSO, M.P.A.; LOPES, L.C.S. 2015. Bat inventory in a Caatinga area in Northeastern Brazil, with a new occurrence in the state of Paraíba. Neotropical Biology and Conservation 10(1):15-20. doi: 10.4013/nbc.2015.101.06

Abstract. The Caatinga is a semi-arid ecosystem with a long history of anthropic impacts and scientific negligence. Since bats are the second most diverse group of mammals and have wide ecological roles, a well-based comprehension of their diversity for an area is important for management and conservationist actions. The goal of this study is to provide a list of the bat species found in Private Reserve of Natural Heritage Fazenda Almas, Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. By sampling with mist nets and exploring roosts, we captured 126 specimens and recorded 19 species from 5 families. The most abundant species were Artibeus planirostris, Peropteryx macrotis, Myotis nigricans, and Carollia perspicillata. We registered high diversity of Phyllostominae, as well as the occurrence of the genus Histiotus in the state for the first time. Our results indicate that Caatinga areas can maintain bat assemblages with levels of diversity similar to moist tropical areas, which highlights the need to expand the network of protected areas in this threatened ecosystem.

First record of complete albinism in Carollia perspicillata (Chiroptera; Phyllostomidae)

FALCÃO, F.C. 2014. First record of complete albinism in Carollia perspicillata (Chiroptera; Phyllostomidae). Chiroptera Neotropical 20(1):1234-1236.

Abstract. Albinism is a phenomenon present in many vertebrate species, and can be defined as the absence of normal pigmentation of an organism. In bats, complete albinism is considered a rare phenomenon, and its occurrence was recorded for less than 4% of all existing bat species. On 6 September 2012, an individual of Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758) was captured in Igaporã, Bahia, and it had all characteristics of complete albinism, lacking normal pigmentation over the entire body surface, including the iris. The purpose of this paper is to report the first record of complete albinism in Carollia perspicillata and thereby increase the number of species recorded with such anomalies; in addition to contributing to the understanding of this pigmentation disorder.

First record of leucism in Artibeus phaeotis (Miller, 1902) (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Guatemala

TRUJILLO, L.A.; BARAHONA, R. 2014. First record of leucism in Artibeus phaeotis (Miller, 1902) (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Guatemala. Chiroptera Neotropical 20(1):1252-1254.

Abstract. The aim of this communication is to report the first documented case of leucism in Artibeus phaeotis from Guatemala. The bat was captured in Laguna del Tigre National Park, Petén, in northern Guatemala, while we were conducting a bat sampling in the area. Leucism is a condition rarely observed in nature, which is characterized by the partial or total depigmentation of fur; in this case the specimen is distinguished by a depigmentation in the ventral side of the body.

Introdução do Estudo de Quirópteros

Three new bat species in the state of Oaxaca

SANTOS-MORENO, A.; SIPRIANO, L.G. 2014. Three new bat species in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. Chiroptera Neotropical 20(1):1226-1229.

Abstract. The state of Oaxaca, in southeastern Mexico, is one of the regions with the highest species richness in the country, comparable even with that of some Central American countries. Over the course of a study on the region known as Los Chimalapas, in the southeastern portion of the state of Oaxaca, we recorded the presence of three new species for the state: two New World leaf-nosed bats (Phylloderma stenops and Micronycteris schmidtorum) and one vesper bat (Myotis albescens). The localities of these registersrepresent the northeastern extreme of the geographic distribution of the last two species. The three species included in the present work bring the number of terrestrial mammalian wildlife species in Oaxaca to 209, and the number of bat species to 93.

The application of Bergmann's Rule to Carollia perspicillata Linnaeus 1758 (Mammali, Chiroptera)

BARROS, L.A.V.; FORTES, R.R.; LORINI, M.L. 2014. The application of Bergmann's Rule to Carollia perspicillata Linnaeus 1758 (Mammali, Chiroptera). Chiroptera Neotropical 20(1):1243-1251.

Abstract. Bergmann’s Rule describes the association between body size of species and latitude. The proposed mechanism to explain the pattern would be the lowest surface/volume ratio found in large animals, which should result in an energy advantage in cold environments. The present study tested to what extent this pattern can be applied in bat populations of Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758). We used secondary data, taken from the collection of Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) and raw data provided by researchers, covering a latitude gradient ranging from 23º03' S to 0º10' N, at altitudes ranging from 10 to 1093m above sea level. Climatological data were obtained from the website of Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET). Body size analyses were based on mean and maximum length of forearm and body mass, and carried out through latitude, altitude and temperature gradients. A total of 488 adult specimens were analyzed, summarizing data for 23 localities. Body size variables showed a decrease toward higher latitudes and higher altitudes, and an increase in relation to increasing temperature. The results partially follow an inverse trend of the original proposal, called Bergmann’s Rule "converse". Bats’s wings are highly vascularized naked membranes, making their surface/volume ratio higher than that of other animals of similar size; thus a large body size would in fact result in bigger ratios and greater heat loss. The low values of all explicability indexes (R²) and linear coefficients (β) suggest that geographical variation in a  species’ morphology cannot be only explained on the basis of latitudinal clines.

Tafonomía de restos de micromamíferos recuperados del sitio arqueológico Agua de La Mula (Mendoza, Argentina) y su implicancia en la subsistencia humana

FERNÁNDEZ, F.J.; DE SANTIS, L.J.M. 2013. Tafonomía de restos de micromamíferos recuperados del sitio arqueológico Agua de La Mula (Mendoza, Argentina) y su implicancia en la subsistencia humana. Cuadernos del Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano - Series Especiales 1(1):181-195.

Abstract. Micromammal remains from the archaeological sequence of Agua de La Mula (35º22'24,9''S, 68º15'04,2''W, south-central Mendoza, Argentina) are taphonomically studied. The remains (NISP=1026, MNE=1,026, MNI=491) were recovered from the Late Holocene layers (1,600-1,000 years C14 BP). The micromammal assemblages are composed by 10 taxa of rodents, one chiropteran and two marsupials, associated to transitional mosaic of Patagonian steppe and Monte desert environments. The absence of cut marks and the presence of few burned remains recovered from the site would indicate no human consumption. Moreover, the presence of pellets preserved in stratigraphy and light digestive corrosion on some teeth, indicate that the main accumulator agents were probably avian strigiforms. The absence of weathering, rodent marks, hydraulic transport, root action, and diagenesis, suggest a good preservation and a rapid incorporation of the material in the stratigraphic context. However, trampling, sedimentary corrosion and manganese oxide evidences were seen on the micromammal remains, indicating some episodes of humidity inside the cave. Finally, this information provided here would help us to explain the scope of the resource intensification process, proposed for the region in previous researches. In this sense, possibly this process could not have been so pronounced for that hunter-gatherers exploit the micromammals.

Artibeus lituratus (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae): biologia e dispersão de sementes no Parque do Museu de Biologia Prof. Mello Leitão, Santa Teresa (ES)

PASSOS, J.G.; PASSAMANI, M. 2003. Artibeus lituratus (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae): biologia e dispersão de sementes no Parque do Museu de Biologia Prof. Mello Leitão, Santa Teresa (ES). Natureza on line 1(1):1-6.

Abstract. Artibeus lituratus (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae): biology and seed dispersion in the park of Museu de Biologia Prof. Mello leitão, Santa Teresa, ES. Aspects of biology and seed dispersion by Artibeus lituradus were studied in the Museu de Biologia Prof. Mello Leitão (MBML) from August 2000 to March 2002. Pregnant females were collected from October to February. Fruits were the main food consumed, including native and exotic species. Fruits of Cecropiaceae were largely dispersed by A. lituratus. There was no significant difference in the forearm size between sexes, neither correlation between forearm size and number of seeds dispersed.

Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in native and reforested areas in Rancho Alegre, Paraná, Brazil

GALLO, P.H.; REIS, N.R.; ANDRADE, F.R. 2010. Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in native and reforested areas in Rancho Alegre, Paraná, Brazil. Revista de Biología Tropical 58(4):1311-1322.

Abstract. Generally, natural environments have been transformed into small forest remnants, with the consequent habitat loss and species extinction. The North Paraná State is not an exception, since only 2 to 4% of the original ecosystem occurs in small fragments of Stational Semidecidual Forest. We studied the species richness and abundance of bats in two forest fragments from the Fazenda Congonhas, in Rancho Alegre city, Paraná State, Brazil. Four samplings were undertaken in a legally protected native area (107.8 ha) and in a reforested area (11.8 ha) between April 2007 and March 2008. Samplings began at nightfall and lasted six hours, during two consecutive nights in each location. The individuals were captured using eight mist nets, with the same capture effort in both environments. A total of 397 individuals, 14 species and 10 genera were captured in the native area; while in the reforested area, 105 individuals, six species and four genera. Artibeus lituratus was the most common species in both fragments (n= 328, 65.3%), followed by Artibeus fimbriatus (n= 44, 8.8%) and Artibeus jamaicensis (n= 30, 6.0%). Other species including Platyrrhinus lineatus, Carollia perspicillata, Sturnira lilium, Chrotopterus auritus, Desmodus rotundus, Michronycteris megalotis, Phyllostomus hastatus, Phyllostomus discolor, Myoti levis, Myotis nigricans and Lasiurus blossevillii, accounted for 19.9% of the captures. The native area presented higher values of species richness (S=14) and diversity (H’=1.4802) in comparison to the reforested area (S=6, H’=0.57015). The t-test evidenced a significant difference between diversity among the sites (t=7.1075). Chao 1 index indicated that the sampling effort recorded approximately 78% from the total species richness for the native area and 75% for the reforested area. Therefore, the preservation of the forest fragment is essential since it provides habitat for a diverse community of bats. Forest management and reforestation actions may prevent drastic changes in the microclimate of neighboring areas within the forest fragment, and could allow the occupation of available niches in the area, by opportunistic and generalist species.

Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of Mata do Paraíso research station, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil

NASCIMENTO, M.C.; STUMPP, R.; LESSA, G. 2013. Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of Mata do Paraíso research station, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Check List 9(6):1406-1409.

Abstract. The aim of this study was to document the records of bat species collected at the Estação de Pesquisa Treinamento e Educação Ambiental (EPTEA) da Mata do Paraíso, a small fragment of Atlantic Rainforest of 200 ha in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Original data was obtained by capture sessions with mist nets from November 2007 to October 2008, and complemented with material from the collection database of Museu de Zoologia João Moojen, Universidade Federal de Viçosa. We found a total of 17 bat species distributed in five families at the EPTEA Mata do Paraíso.

Journals: Acta Chiropterologica

Acta Chiropterologica

- Abreviatura: Acta Chiropterol.

- Home Page: https://www.miiz.waw.pl/en/wydawnictwa/acta-chiropterologica.html

- Qualis CAPES: B1 (Biodiversidade), B3 (Ciências Biológicas I).

- Taxa de Publicação: Sim.

- Idiomas: Inglês.

- Disponibilidade: Restrito. Apenas os abstracts ficam disponíveis no site.

- Submissão: Por e-mail direto ao Editor-Chefe.

Acta Chiropterologica é um periódico internacional de língua inglesa que publica resultados de pesquisa em biologia com morcegos. Ele é publicado pelo Museu e Instituto de Zoologia (Museum and Institute of Zoology).

Hábitos alimentares e uso de abrigos por Chrotopterus auritus (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)

WITT, A.A.; FABIÁN, M.E. 2010. Hábitos alimentares e uso de abrigos por Chrotopterus auritus (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). Mastozoología Neotropical 17(2):353-360.

Abstract. Food habits and use of roosts by Chrotopterus auritus (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). Chrotopterus auritus (Peters, 1856) (Phyllostomidae, Chiroptera) is the only species of carnivorous bat recorded in Rio Grande do Sul state. In this work we identified the diet items and observed their spatial distribution within roosting sites at daytime. We monitored seven caves, every fifteen days, from may/2002 to april/2003, in Machadinho and Barracão counties, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The diet was inferred from fecal samples (n=67) and food remains (n=63). Mammals, birds and arthropods, composed the diet of the C. auritus. C. auritus did not show preference by food items, such as mammals, birds or arthropods, because there were no significant differences among them in fecal samples. The result was similar when comparing the presence of these items between seasons. Rodents, Passeriformes and Coleopterans were the prevailing items in the diet of the C. auritus. Fruits were consumed occasionally, about 5.9% of the total of the samples. C. auritus was, during the whole study period, present in the studied caves, varying in number of individuals and shelters. Cohabitation with Desmodus rotundus and Myotis nigricans was observed.

Journals - Chiroptera Neotropical

Chiroptera Neotropical

- Abreviatura: Chirop. Neotrop.

- Home Page: http://www.chiroptera.unb.br/

- Qualis CAPES: B3 (Biodiversidade), C (Ciências Biológicas I).

- Taxa de Publicação: Nenhuma.

- Idiomas: Inglês.

- Disponibilidade: Acesso aos artigos livre no site.

Chiroptera Neotropical é uma publicação que trata da biologia, ecologia, biogeografia e conservação de morcegos neotropicais (ordem Chiroptera). São aceitas publicações nas categorias de artigo, comunicações curtas e artigos de revisão. A Chiroptera Neotropical é publicada duas vezes ao ano.

Anomalous color in Neotropical mammals: a review with new records for Didelphis sp. (Didelphidae, Didelphimorphia) and Arctocephalus australis (Otariidae, Carnivora)

ABREU, M.S.L.; MACHADO, R.; BARBIERI, F.; FREITAS, N.S.; OLIVEIRA, L.R. 2013. Anomalous color in Neotropical mammals: a review with new records for Didelphis sp. (Didelphidae, Didelphimorphia) and Arctocephalus australis (Otariidae, Carnivora). Brazilian Journal of Biology 73(1):185-194.

Abstract. Anomalous colourations occur in many tropical vertebrates. However, they are considered rare in wild populations, with very few records for the majority of animal taxa. We report two new cases of anomalous colouration in mammals. Additionally, we compiled all published cases about anomalous pigmentation registered in Neotropical mammals, throughout a comprehensive review of peer reviewed articles between 1950 and 2010. Every record was classified as albinism, leucism, piebaldism or eventually as undetermined pigmentation. As results, we report the new record of a leucistic specimen of opossum (Didelphis sp.) in southern Brazil, as well as a specimen of South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis) with piebaldism in Uruguay. We also found 31 scientific articles resulting in 23 records of albinism, 12 of leucism, 71 of piebaldism and 92 records classified as undetermined pigmentation. Anomalous colouration is apparently rare in small terrestrial mammals, but it is much more common in cetaceans and michrochiropterans. Out of these 198 records, 149 occurred in cetaceans and 30 in bats. The results related to cetaceans suggest that males  and females with anomolous pigmentation are reproductively successful and as a consequence their frequencies are  becoming higher in natural populations. In bats, this result can be related to the fact these animals orient themselves  primarily through echolocation, and their refuges provide protection against light and predation. It is possible that  anomalous colouration occurs more frequently in other Neotropical mammal orders, which were not formally reported.  Therefore, we encourage researchers to publish these events in order to better understand this phenomenon that has a significant influence on animal survival.

Responses of bats to forest fragmentation in the Mississippi River Alluvial Valley, Arkansas, USA

MEDLIN JR., R.E.; CONNIOR, M.B.; GAINES, K.F.; RISCH, T.S. 2010. Responses of bats to forest fragmentation in the Mississippi River Alluvial Valley, Arkansas, USA. Diversity 2(10):1146-1157. doi: 10.3390/d2101146.

Abstract. Intense conversion of bottomland hardwood forests to rice and soybeans in the Mississippi River Valley of Arkansas has restricted the remaining forest to isolated fragments. Habitat fragmentation has proven to be detrimental to population sustainability of several species, and is the subject of intense study with often species and latitude specific responses. We compared both coarse land area classes and landscape fragmentation metrics from six 30 km × 30 km subsets centered on publicly owned management areas to bat captures obtained from a 2005 population study. Patch density was the strongest predictor of total captures (R2 = 0.801, p = 0.016) and of Myotis austroriparius captures (R2 = 0.856, p = 0.008). Our findings indicate that patch density and area are important predictors of bottomland bat captures.

Rarity in Neotropical bats: correlations with phylogeny, diet, and body mass

ARITA, H.T. 1993. Rarity in Neotropical bats: correlations with phylogeny, diet, and body mass. Ecological Applications 3(3):506-517.

Abstract. Bats are an important component of tropical faunas, both in terms of number of species and total biomass. Very little information, however, is available on the status and conservation of this diverse group. To contribute to the solution of this problem, rarity among Neotropical bats was analyzed using a set of 150 species. Rarity was quantified by local abundance and area of distributional range and by a combined index of rarity created by compounding these two variables. Nested analyses of variance showed local abundance to be more variable among genera than at any other taxonomic level, and area of distribution to be more variable among species. No significant correlation with body mass was found for local abundance or for area of distribution. Similarly, no correlation was found between distribution and abundance. Local abundance, but not area of distribution, varied significantly among taxonomic and trophic categories. At the local level, bats of the family Molossidae tend to be less abundant than other species. Bats that feed on plant parts or products (fruit, nectar, and pollen) are more abundant than insectivores and carnivores. The distribution of species among Rabinowitz' categories of rarity varied among taxonomic and trophic groups. The classification of rarity and the combined index of rarity introduced here can be used as guidelines for the identification of vulnerable species.